Portswigger
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  • Server-Side Request Forgery
    • Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  • SSRF with filter bypass via open redirection vulnerability
  • Blind SSRF with out-of-band detection
  • Cross-Site Scripting
    • Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
  • Reflected XSS into a JS string with angle brackets and double&single quotes HTML-encoded escape
  • XSS into a template literal w/ angle brackets, single, double quotes, backslash & backticks Escaped
  • Authentication
    • Authentication
  • Username enumeration via subtly different responses
  • 2FA broken logic
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  • Password reset poisoning via middleware
  • Path Traversal
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  • File path traversal, traversal sequences stripped with superfluous URL-decode
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  • Business Logic Vulnerabilities
    • Business Logic Vulnerabilities
  • Insufficient workflow validation
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  • Server-Side Template Injection
    • Server-Side Template Injection
  • Basic server-side template injection
  • Basic server-side template injection (code context)
  • SQL Injection
    • SQL Injection
    • Blind SQL injection with conditional responses
  • SQL injection UNION attack, retrieving data from other tables
  • SQL injection attack, listing the database contents on non-Oracle databases
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  • Exploiting a mass assignment vulnerability
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  • JWT ATTACK
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  • Exploiting NoSQL operator injection to bypass authentication
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  • FILE UPLOAD VULNERABILITIES
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  • Web shell upload via obfuscated file extension
  • OAuth Authentication
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  • OAuth account hijacking via redirect_uri
  • ACCESS CONTROL VULNERABILITIES
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  • User ID controlled by request parameter with data leakage in redirect
  • User ID controlled by request parameter with password disclosure
  • User role controlled by request parameter
  • User role can be modified in user profile
  • URL-based access control can be circumvented
  • INFORMATION DISCLOSURE VULNERABILITIES
    • Information Disclosure Vulnerabilities
  • Information disclosure in version control history
  • XML external entity injection
    • XML External Entity (XXE) Injection
  • Exploiting XXE using external entities to retrieve files
  • Exploiting blind XXE to retrieve data via error messages
  • Blind XXE with out-of-band interaction
  • Blind XXE with out-of-band interaction via XML parameter entities
  • OS COMMAND INJECTION
    • OS Command Injection
  • Blind OS command injection with out-of-band data exfiltration
  • PROTOTYPE POLLUTION
    • Prototype Pollution
  • Privilege escalation via server-side prototype pollution
  • WEB CACHE POISONING
    • Web Cache Poisoning
  • Web cache poisoning via an unkeyed query parameter
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Basic server-side template injection

Link: https://portswigger.net/web-security/server-side-template-injection/exploiting/lab-server-side-template-injection-basic

PreviousServer-Side Template InjectionNextBasic server-side template injection (code context)

Last updated 3 months ago

Description:

This lab is vulnerable to server-side template injection due to the unsafe construction of an ERB template.

To solve the lab, review the ERB documentation to find out how to execute arbitrary code, then delete the morale.txt file from Carlos's home directory.

Proof of concept:

  1. Analisa pada web target

  2. Dari hasil analisa didapati ketika product tidak tersedia atau out of stock akan mengirim pesan melalui parameter message. Jika stok product tersedia, akan diarahkan ke halaman detail product

  3. Inputkan basic payload SSTI yaitu {{7*7}}

  4. Outputnya akan tetap {{7*7}} dikarenakan dari informasi yang didapati pada lab description sistem target menggunakan teknologi ERB ruby, maka inputkan payload basic SSTI ERB seperti yang dapat dilihat di sebagai contoh disini menggunakan payload <%= 7*7 %> maka akan ditampilkan nilai 49. Artinya sistem rentan terhadap SSTI Attack

  5. Selanjutnya, untuk memastikan lainnya coba gunakan payload SSTI ERB ruby <%= system('cat /etc/passwd') %> untuk menampilkan data-data sensitive yang berada pada file /etc/passwd

  6. Setelah berhasil, cari tahu username dari user yang berjalan pada server target dengan menggunakan perintah atau payload SSTI ERB ruby berikut <%= system("whoami") %>

  7. Dan cari informasi mengenai direktori yang ada pada direktori home dengan menggunakan payload <%= Dir.entries('/home') %>

  8. Selanjutnya, untuk menyelesaikan tangtangan lab ini gunakan payload <%= system('rm /home/carlos/morale.txt') %>

Thanks, Stay Ethical & Happy Hacking! 🍻

https://book.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting-web/ssti-server-side-template-injection#erb-ruby